GW Monogram

Department of Chemistry

Columbian College of Arts & Sciences

Stuart Licht

Stuart Licht, Professor Emeritus, GW Department of Chemistry

Stuart Licht

Professor Emeritus of Chemistry

Contact:

Email: Stuart Licht
Office Phone: 202-994-6121
Licht Research Group
Science & Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street, NW Washington DC 20052

Stuart Licht is a Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at George Washington University in Washington, DC USA, and is the founder of C2CNT LLC (Venice, FL, USA) with website at C2CNT.com. Prof. Licht’s work focuses on climate change, renewable energy and fundamental physical/analytical chemistry. He is a Fellow of the Electrochemical Society, former Program Director at the United States National Science Foundation, former Chemistry Department Chair at the University of Massachusetts, former Chaired Professor at both Clark University and the Technion Institute of Technology, and the recipient of numerous awards. His postdoc, PhD and undergraduate studies were respectively at MIT, the Weizmann Institute of Science and Wesleyan University.

Renewable Energy, Solar Energy, Energy Storage – Batteries & Fuel Cells, Environmental Chemistry, Electrochemistry, and Quantum Mechanics.

Prof. Licht’s research encompassing ~1000 publications, patents and related contributions includes the discovery of the CO2 to carbon nanomaterials CCS and DAC decarbonization chemistry, STEP solar energy conversion, of the "solar cell that works in the dark," solution phase optimized and multiple bandgap photoelectrochemistry, advanced nanomaterials, and super-iron, aluminum-sulfur, VB2, and molten air batteries.  Additionally, his group has made important strides in analytical methodologies and the determination of a range of physical and chemical constants.

Selected from over 400 Peer Reviewed Licht Patents and Publications:   

  • Licht, "pH Measurement in Concentrated Alkaline Solutions" Analytical Chemistry, 57, 514 (1985).
  • Licht, "A Description of Energy Conversion in Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells," Nature, 330 (cover article), 148 (1987).
  • Licht, Hodes, Tenne, Manassen, "A Light Variation Insensitive High Efficiency Solar Cell," Nature, 326, 863 (1987).
  • Licht, Cammarata, Wrighton, "Time/Spatial Dependence of <105 Molecules," Science, 243, 1176 (1989).
  • Licht, Peramunage, "Efficient photoelectrochemical solar cells," Nature, 345, 330 (1990).
  • Licht, Peramunage, "Efficiency in a liquid solar cell," Nature, 354, 440 (1991).
  • Peramunage, Licht, "A Novel Solid Sulfur Cathode for Aqueous Batteries," Science, 261, 1029 (1993).
  • Licht, Wang, Ghosh, "Energetic Iron(VI) Chemistry: The Super-Iron Battery," Science, 285, 1039 (1999).
  • Licht, Wang, Mukerji, Soga, Umeno, Tributsch, "Over 18% solar conversion to H2 fuel; …," Int. J. H2 Energy, 26, 7 (2001).
  • Licht, Halperin, Kalina, Zidman, "Electrochemical Potential Tuned Solar Water Splitting," Chem. Comm., 3006 (2003).
  • Licht, Wu, Yu, Wang, " Renewable Highest Capacity VB2/Air Energy Storage," Chem. Comm., 3257 (2008).
  • Licht, "STEP: A solar chemical process to end anthropogenic global warming," J. Phys. Chem. C., 113, 16283 (2009).
  • Licht, Wang, Ghosh, Ayub, Jiang, Ganley "A New Solar Carbon Capture Process: Solar Thermal Electrochemical Photo (STEP) Carbon Capture," J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 2363 (2010).
  • Licht, Wu, Hettige, Lau, Asercion, Stuart, "STEP Cement: CaO without CO2" Chem. Comm., 48, 6019 (2012).
  • Cui, Licht, "Critical STEP advances for sustainable iron production," Green Chemistry, 15, 881 (2013).
  • Licht, Cui, Stuart, Wang, Lau, "Molten Air Batteries - A new, highest energy class of batteries," Energy & Environ. Sci., 6, 3646 (2013).
  • "Ammonia synthesis by N2 and steam electrolysis in molten hydroxide suspensions of nanoscale Fe2O3," Licht, Cui, Wang, Li, Lau, Lui, Science, 345, 637-640 (2014).
  • Ren, Lau, Lefler, Licht, "The minimum electrolytic energy needed to convert CO2...," J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 23342 (2015). Click here to access article
  • Ren, Li, Lau, Li, Gonzalez-Urbina, Licht "One-pot synthesis of carbon nanofibers from CO2," Nano Letters, 15, 6142 (2015). Click here to access article
  • Li, Lau, Licht, "Sungas: instead of syngas: ...CO & H2 from a single beam of sunlight," Advanced Science, 2, 1500260 (2015). Click here to access article
  • Licht, Douglas, Ren, Carter, Lefler, Pint, "Carbon Nanotubes Produced from Ambient Carbon Dioxide for Environmentally Sustainable Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes," ACS Central Science, 2, 162. Click here to access article
  • Zhu, Wang, Wang, Liu, Wu, Licht, "Solar Thermoelectric Field Photocatalysis for Efficient Organic synthesis Exemplified by Toluene to Benzoic Acid," Applied Catalysis B, 193, 151-159 (2016).
  • Wu, Li, Ji, Liu, Li, Yuan, Zhang, Ren, Lefler, Wang, Licht, “One-Pot Synthesis of Nanostructured Carbon Material from Carbon Dioxide via Electrolysis in Molten Carbonate Salts,” Carbon, 106, 208 (2016). Click here to access article
  • Lau, Dey, Licht, “Thermodynamic assessment of CO2 to carbon nanofiber transformation for carbon sequestration in a combined cycle gas or a coal power plant," Energy Conversion & Management, 122, 400 (2016). Click here to access article
  • Ren, Licht, "Tracking airborne CO2 mitigation and low cost transformation into valuable carbon nanotubes,” Scientific Reports – Nature.com, 6, 27760 (2016). Click here to access article
  • Wu, Ji, Li, Yuan, Zhu, Wang*, Zhang, Licht, “Efficient, high yield carbon dioxide and water transformation to methane by electrolysis in molten salts,” Advanced Materials Technology, 1, 60092 (2016).
  • Licht, Liu, Cui, Lau, Hu, Stuart, Wang, El-Gazawi, Li, "Comparison of alternative molten electrolytes for water splitting to generate hydrogen fuel," J. Electrochem. Soc, 163, F1162 (2016). Click here to access article
  • Cui, Xiang, Liu, Xin, Liu, Licht, “A long cycle life, high coulombic efficiency iron molten air battery," Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 1, 474 & back cover (2017).
  • Ren, Johnson, Singhal, Licht, “Transformation of the greenhouse gas CO2 by molten electrolysis into a wide controlled selection of carbon nanotubes,” J. CO2 Utilization, 18, 335 (2017).
  • Licht, “Co-Production of Cement and Carbon Nanotubes with a Carbon Negative Footprint,” J. CO2 Utilization, 18, 378 (2017).
  • Johnson, Ren, Lefler, Licht, Vicini, Liu, Licht, “Carbon nanotube wools made directly from CO2 by molten electrolysis: Value Driven pathways to carbon dioxide greenhouse gas mitigation,” Materials Today Energy, 5, 230 (2017); Click here for galley proof
  • Liu, Cui, Han, Liu, Sun, Zhang, Lefler, Licht,
  • "Rechargeable zinc air battery: Highly improved performance by adding KOH to the molten carbonate eutectic electrolyte," J. Electrochem. Soc., 165, A149 .
  • Licht, Liu, Licht, Wang, Swesi, Chan, “Amplified CO2 reduction of greenhouse gas emissions with C2CNT carbon nanotube composites,” Materials Today Sustainability, 6, 100023 (2019); Click here for article
  • Liu, Ren, Licht, Wang, Licht, “Carbon Nano-Onions Made Directly from CO2 by Molten Electrolysis for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation", Advanced Sustainable Systems, 52, DOI: 10.1002/adsu.201900056, 190056 (2019); Click here for article
  • Wang, Sharif, Liu, Licht, Lefler, Licht, “Magnetic carbon nanotubes: Carbide nucleated electrochemical growth of ferromagnetic CNTs from CO2,” J. CO2 Utilization, 40, 101218 (2020); Click here for article
  • Liu, Wang, Licht, Licht, “Transformation of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide to graphene,” J. CO2 Utilization, 36, 288 (2020); Click here for article
  • Ren, Yu, Licht, Peng, Lefler, Liu, Licht, “Recent Advances in Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP)  for Carbon Neutral Products and High Value Nanocarbons,” ACCOUNTS of Chemical Research, 52, 3177 (2019); Click here for article

 

PUBLICATIONS & PATENTS since 2023 to 2025 

(The order is 404 to 1 with 1 being the most recent)


404.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Electrochemical Molten Carbonate Looping  Production of Carbon Negative Nanotubes and Graphenes from CO2 at Industrial-scale," invited, in preparation for the Handbook of Carbon Negative Materials, Springer Nature.

403.     Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Stuart Licht;
"Intense, self-induced sustainable microwave 
 plasma using carbon nanotubes made from CO2," Nanoscale, 17, 9279-9296 (2025).
DOI: 10.1039/d4nr04097j. Click here for article. Click here for Supplementary Information.

402.     Kyle Hofstetter, Gad Licht, Stuart Licht, 
"Large-scale electrosynthesis of carbon nano-onions from CO2 as a potential
replacement for carbon black,” ECS Advances, 4, 031001 (2025). DOI 10.1149/2754-2734/adeda4.

401.     Gad Licht, Ethan Peltier, Simon Gee, Stuart Licht;
"Direct Air Capture (DAC): Molten carbonate direct transformation of airborne CO2 to durable, useful graphene nanocarbons," RSC Sustainability, 3, 1339-1345 (2025), DOI: 10.1039/d4su00679h. Click here for article. Click here for Supplementary Information.

400.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Comparison of amine, lime and molten carbonate electrolytic CO2 carbon capture”, 
Perspectives Article,  ECS Advances, 4,031002 (2025) DOI 10.1149/2754-2734/adf56a. Click here for article. pdf without 1st page advertisement..

399.     Gad Licht, Stuart Licht,
"Carbon Nanotube Production Pathways: A Review of Chemical Vapor Deposition and Electrochemical CO2 Conversion, such as C2CNT,” Crystals, 15, 887 (2025); open access, https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/10/887; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15100887.

398.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Exotic graphene nanocarbon allotropes produced by the capture and electrolysis of CO2" the Handbook of Ecomaterials, Springer Nature, accepted October 14, 2025

397.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter,
"Large-scale electrolytic molten carbonate carbon capture and transformation to carbon nanotubes and other graphene nanocarbons," Cambridge Prisms: Carbon Technologies, 1, e6, 1-11 (2025; . Downloadable. https://doi.org/10.1017/cat.2025.10007. Cambridge Press, accepted manuscript online Oct. 14 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1017/cat.2025.10007.&nbsp;


396.     Kyle Hofstetter, Gad Licht, Stuart Licht,
"Industrial scaling electrolytic carbon capture and production of graphene allotropes," DeCarbon, 9, 100122 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100122.

395.     Kyle Hofstetter, Gad Licht, Stuart Licht,
"New Scalable Electrosynthesis of Distinct High Purity Graphene Nano Allotropes from CO2 Enabled by Transition Metal Nucleation special issue “Exploring New Materials for the Transition to Sustainable Energy,” Crystals, 15, 680, 2025 (33 pages and supplement). DOI 10.3390/cryst15080680.

394.     Stuart Licht;
"STEP Carbon Dioxide Free Production of Societal Staples,"
Invention Disclosure (Elsevier)  5, 100035 (2025), published Dec. 23, 2024; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772444124000168,&nb…;
clickable Journal Pre-proof download.

393.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Applications and composites of carbon nanotubes made from CO2 Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites, Springer Nature, accepted October 15, 2025.

392.     Gad Licht, Ethan Peltier, Simon Gee, Stuart Licht;
"Eliminating active CO2 concentration in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS): Molten  carbonate decarbonization through an insulation/diffusion membrane," 
Decarbon, 7, 100094, (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100094. Click here for article. Click here for Supplementary Information.

391.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Carbon nano-onions, nanoplatelets and graphenes made from CO2" the Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites, Springer Nature, accepted October 15, 2025.

390.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Perspective chapter: Molten Electrolysis of 2D/3D Graphene carbon nano allotropes made carbon dioxide," Graphene – The Next Generation Material, IntertechOpen", 
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.1010846, available at: https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/1225897, , London, Open Access, Oct. 6, 2025.

389.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Intense Plasma Effect Induced by Microwave Irradiation of CO2-Derived Carbon Nanotubes" Diversity and Potential of Microwave Hybrid Heating for Various Applications, accepted ASME, Aug 5, 2025; awaiting Final Book submission to ASME Publisher.

388.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Industrial scale molten carbonate electrolysis CCUS (carbon capture, utilization and storage) decarbonization" Handbook of Ecomaterials, Springer Nature, accepted October 14, 2025.

387.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Electrolyte and product separation in molten carbonate decarbonization electrolysis" Handbook of Ecomaterials, Springer Nature, accepted October 13, 2025.

386.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"The synthesis of a variety of carbon nanotubes made from CO2 by molten carbonate electrolysis" Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites, Springer Nature, accepted October 14, 2025.

385.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"CCUS and DAC carbon capture by molten carbonate electrolysis" Handbook of Ecomaterials, Springer Nature, accepted  October 13, 2025.

384.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"A New Carbon Capture Chemistry of Carbon Nanotube Production,"
Invention Disclosure (Elsevier) submitted June 17, 2025.

383.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Molten Carbonate Flue Gas and Direct Air Transformation of CO2 to Carbon Nano-onions and other High-end Graphenes, Buckypaper and Composites,"
Invention Disclosure (Elsevier) submitted June 14, 2025.

382.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht,
"Utilizing molten carbonate electrolysis at scale for  carbon capture and  storage" invited, in preparation for Carbon Emissions, Capture and Utilization, Wiley-VCH.


381.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,320,017, June 3, 2025
    "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANO(rod) CARBON ALLOTROPES."

389.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,320,016, June 3, 2025
    "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANO(-flower) CARBON ALLOTROPES".

379.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,305,312, May 20 2025
"Apparatus, system and method for making a carbon nanomaterial fiber and textiles 
 from  carbon dioxide and materials and materials and products thereof ”.

378.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht US Patent 12,291,786, May 6, 2025, 
"ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A HIGH NICKEL-  CONTENT FOR MAKING DESIRED  NANO (hollow nano-iron) CARBON ALLOTROPES".

377. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,286,717, April 29, 2025
    "FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE (matrix) PRODUCT”.

376.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent, Notice of allowance: Sept. 29, 2055
     "Methods and Apparatus For Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
               Using Low-Lithium (Beryllium) Electrolytes," US Pat Appl 18/812,169;

375.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 
    "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
     ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANO(flower)CARBON ALLOTROPES," 
     Nano-flower allotrope.
US Patent Application 18,614,286; March 22, 2024, pub. Feb.. 6, 2025.

374.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,226,730, February 18, 2025
“Method Invention: "Apparatus, system and method for 
 direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
 Feed/electrolyte temperature differential control.

373.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application US19/195,499
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and anon-iron additive for making  desired nanocarbon allotropes (thin CNT product)," pub. Sept. 11, 2025.

372.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application US19/225,700
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making  desired nanocarbon allotropes," pub. Sept. 18, 2025.

371.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application
    "METHOD FOR GENERATING MICROWAVE-DRIVEN PLASMA," 
    US Patent Application 18/793,335; filed August 2, 2024, pub. 2025.

370.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application
    "Methods and Apparatus For Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
                Using Low-Lithium (Strontium) Electrolytes," 
      US Provisional Patent 63/580,235 filed Sept. 2, 2023.
     US Patent Application 18,742,822; filed June 13, 2024, pub. March 6, 2025.

369.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application
    "Methods and Apparatus For Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
               Using Low-Lithium (Beryllium) Electrolytes," US Pat Appl 18,812,169; 
 filed Aug. 22, 2024, pub. March 6, 2025.

368.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Australia AU2022452364 Patent, grant fee paid by Nov. 28, 2025
    "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
 Using Lithium-free Electrolyte."

367.    Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Vietnam Patent 1-2021-02272, granted March 26, 2025
"METHOD OF CREATING  COMPOSITE NANOMATERIALS

366.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; China Patent 117396265, issued  January 7, 2025
     "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbonaceous gas".

365.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; China Patent CN 117500957, March 14, 2025.
"Apparatus, system and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial   
 admixture from carbon dioxide and products thereof," 
Carbanogel without Electrolyte.

364.      Stuart Licht; Israel Patent 268662,
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS".

363.     Stuart Licht; India Patent 572975, granted Oct. 30, 205
     "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE," 
from India Divisional Patent Application 202318032064; filed Nov 9, 2023.


362.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3220210, final fee paid Sept. 26 2025.
    "Apparatus, system and method for making a carbon nanomaterial fiber and textiles 
 from carbon dioxide and materials and materials and products thereof" .

361.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3237238, July 8, 2025
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  
making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
    Canada appl. CA3237238A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

360.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3118079, July 8, 2025.
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
         ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT".

359.    Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Canada Patent 3116596, May 13, 2025
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION.”

358.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3232902; November 4, 2025  
    "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
 Using Lithium-free Electrolytes".

357.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent 3043611, November, 25, 2025  
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS”

356.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent 3141127, allowed November 12, 2025, 
    "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE,"

355.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3220199, allowed Nov. 3, 2025, 
"System and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture from carbon
dioxide and products thereof," (polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixes from CO2)

354.     Stuart Licht; Israel Patent 309041; July 2, 2025.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME".

353.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Israel Patent 314203”, Notice of Pre-Acceptance Nov. 2, 2025.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”.

352.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; India Patent 574150, granted Nov. 20, 2025
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
From India application 202317073576 filed Nov. 20, 2023.

351.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Korea Patent 10-2021-7010994, granting fee paid Oct. 2025
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION.”

350.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Japan Patent 7656077, March 25, 2025
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas."

349.     Stuart Licht, Japan Patent Appl  2023-177079, Decision to Grant Oct. 23, 2025
     "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME
 (production of magnetic moveable carbon nanomaterials)."

348.     Stuart Licht; Brazil Patent 112019017253, granted June 3, 2025  
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”.

347.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Brazil Patent BR112021007934-4; granted July 29, 2025..
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
      ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT".

346.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Mexico Patent 003987; August 15, 2025  
    "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
 Using Lithium-free Electrolytes."

325-345. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; EP432990, Nov. 27, 2025 intention to grant
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
1.    Europe Patent EP432990, 
2. Austria Patent 432990AT;  3. Belgium Patent 432990BE; 
4. Bulgaria Patent 432990BG; 5. Denmark Patent 432990DK; 
6. Estonia Patent 432990EE  7. Finland Patent 432990FI; 8. France Patent 432990FR; 
9. Germany Patent 432990DE; 10. Italy Patent 432990IT; 11.  Latvia Patent 432990LV;
12. Lithuania Patent  432990LT; 13. Luxemburg Patent  432990LU; 
14. Malta Patent 432990MT; 15. Portugal Patent 432990PT; 
16. Slovenia Patent 432990SI; 17.Romania Patent  432990RO; 
18. Sweden Patent 432990SE; 19. Netherlands Patent  432990NL; 
20. United Kingdom  432990UK;  21. Unitary Patent UP432990.

305-325. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Europe Patent EP4051627, intent to grant Sept. 12, 2025
    "SYSTEMS & METHODS FOR MAKING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES (HELICAL)”.  
1.    Europe Patent EP4051627.3.
2. Austria Patent 4051627AT;  3. Belgium Patent 4051627BE; 
4. Bulgaria Patent 4051627BG; 5. Denmark Patent 4051627DK; 
6. Estonia Patent4051627EE  7. Finland Patent 4051627FI; 8. France Patent 4051627FR; 
9. Germany Patent 4051627DE; 10. Italy Patent 4051627IT; 11.  Latvia Patent 4051627LV; 12. Lithuania Patent  4051627LT; 13. Luxemburg Patent  4051627LU; 
14. Malta Patent 4051627MT; 15. Portugal Patent 4051627PT; 
16.Slovenia Patent  4051627SI; 17.Romania Patent  4051627RO; 
18. Sweden Patent 4051627SE; 19.Netherlands Patent  4051627NL; 
20. United Kingdom  4051627UK;  21. Unitary Patent UP4051627.

284-304. Stuart Licht; Europe Patent EP3541741, March 19, 2025
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS” 
1.    Europe Patent EP3541741, submitted May 15, 2019; allowed Feb. 3, 2024.
2. Austria Patent 3541741AT;  3. Belgium Patent 3541741BE; 
4. Bulgaria Patent 3541741BG; 5. Denmark Patent 3541741DK; 
6. Estonia Patent 3541741EE  7. Finland Patent 3541741FI; 8. France Patent 3541741FR; 
9. Germany Patent 3541741DE; 10. Italy Patent 3541741IT; 11.  Latvia Patent 3541741LV; 12. Lithuania Patent  3541741LT; 13. Luxemburg Patent  3541741LU; 
14. Malta Patent 3541741MT; 15. Portugal Patent 3541741PT; 
16. Slovenia Patent  3541741SI; 17.Romania Patent  3541741RO; 
18. Sweden Patent 3541741SE; 19. Netherlands Patent  3541741NL; 
20. United Kingdom  3541741UK;  21. Unitary Patent UP3541741.

283. Stuart Licht; 
        South Africa Patent 2022/1172, March 26, 2025.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME".

282.     Stuart Licht; South Africa Patent 2024/0264, March 23, 2025  
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”

281.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; South Africa Patent 2024/02624; April 20, 2025  
    "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
      Using Lithium-free Electrolytes".

280.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/11598, Patent March 26, 2025.
    907"Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
 Using Lithium-free Electrolyte,"
Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/11598; filed Nov. 23, 2022.

279.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/12234, granted Jan. 7, 2025,
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making a macro-assembly of nanocarbon," date of patent 07/05/2024, filed Nov. 23; pub. June 1, 2023.

278.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/12225, granted Jan. 7, 2025.
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes," filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

277.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/12215, granted Jan. 7, 2025.
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making nanocarbon allotropes of nano-dragons and nano-belts," date of patent 07/05/2024, filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

276.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/12216, granted Jan. 7, 2025.
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making coated nanocarbon allotropes," date of patent 07/05/2024, filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

275.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2024/12232, granted Jan. 7, 2025.
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes," date of patent 07/05/2024, filed Sept. 29, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

274.     Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Xirui Wang, Stuart Licht;
"A new electrolyte for molten carb¥¥¥¥onate decarbonization," 
Nature - Communications Chemistry, 7, 211 (2024);
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-024-01306-z;
Click here for article.s

273.     Gad Licht, Ethan Peltier, Simon Gee, Stuart Licht;
"Facile CO2 diffusion for decarbonization through thermal insulation membranes," 
DeCarbon, 5, 100063 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100063;&nbsp;
Click here for article.

272.     Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Stuart Licht;
"Polymer composites made with carbon nanotubes made from CO2," 
RSC Sustainability, 2, 2496-2504 (2024); DOI: 10.1039/d4su00234b ; 
Click here for article.

271.     Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Stuart Licht;
"Buckypaper with carbon nanotubes derived from CO2," 
RSC Advances, 14, 27187-27195 (2024); DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04358h ; 
Click here for article.

270.     Gad Licht, Ethan Peltier, Simon Gee, Stuart Licht;
"Separation of Molten Electrolyte from the Graphene Nanocarbon Product   
Subsequent to Electrolytic CO2 Capture," 
DeCarbon, 4, 100044 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100044;&nbsp;
Click here for article.

269.    Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Stuart Licht;
"Beryllium carbonate: a model compound for highest capacity carbon sequestration chemistry," RSC Advances, 14, 40133-40140  (2024); DOI: 10.1039/d4ra07753a; 
Click here for article.

268.     Stuart Licht;
"Decarbonization of iron production,"
Invention Disclosure (Elsevier) 4 (2024) 10033; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102565;  Click here for article.

267.    Stuart Licht;
"Molten Air – a new class of high capacity batteries,"
Invention Disclosure (Elsevier) 4, 100032 (2024); 
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772444124000132;&nb…;
Click here for article.

266.     Stuart Licht;
"The Carbon Dioxide Free Production of Cement," Invention Disclosure (Elsevier), 4, 10034 (2024); https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772444124000156;  Click here for article.


265.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,163,234, granted Nov. 5, 2024.
    "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
       Using Lithium-free Electrolyte".

264.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent, 12,134,685 granted Nov. 5, 2024.
    "Apparatus, system and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture 
 from carbon dioxide and products thereof," Carbanogel without Electrolyte.

263.     Stuart Licht; US Patent 12,077,872, granted Sept. 3, 2024.
    "Magnetic Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods of Making Same (systems patent)".

262.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,031,218, granted July 9, 2024.
    "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode 
for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes". Conical nanofiber, 
nano-bamboo, nano-tree (branched) allotrope syntheses.

261.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,024,784, granted July 2, 2024.    
    "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
     ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT," (tangled carbon matrix separation invention)

260.     Stuart Licht; US Patent 12,024,782, granted July 2, 2024
    Nano-Platelets: "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE."

259. Stuart Licht US Patent 12,006,579, granted June 11, 2024
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
 Moveable and Recoverable Catalysts.

258.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 12,000,054, granted June 4, 2024.
     "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE FOR MAKING A 
  MACRO-ASSEMBLY OF NANOCARBON".

257.     Stuart Licht; US Patent 11,993,855, granted May 28, 2024.
    "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE," graphene from CO2.

256.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,939,682 , granted March 26, 2024.
     "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANOCARBON (nanobamboo) ALLOTROPES," Conical carbon nanofiber, a nano-bamboo, and a nano-tree that with branch CNTs allotropes.

254.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,905,386, granted Feb. 20, 2024.
    Carbanogel with Electrolyte: "System and method for making a polymer-carbon 
  Nanomaterial admixture from carbon dioxide and products thereof,"

253
881.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application 18/288,539,
Method Invention: "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," pub. June 27, 2024.

252.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application.
    "Apparatus, system and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture 
 from carbon dioxide and products thereof," Carbanogel without Electrolyte;
US Patent Application 18/410,579, filed Jan. 22, 2023, published 12134658, Nov. 5, 2024.

251.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application,
    “Carbanogel with Electrolyte: "System and method for making a polymer-carbon 
   Nanomaterial admixture from carbon dioxide and products thereof," 
     US Patent Application 17,752,494, filed May 24, 2022;
   pub. Nov. 24, 2022, as US20220372242A1, allowed 2/20/24.

250.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application
"ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A HIGH NICKEL-CONTENT FOR MAKING DESIRED NANOCARBON ALLOTROPES," 
Hollow nano-onion allotrope syntheses.
US Patent Application 18,664,639; March 15, 2024, pub. Sept. 13, 2024.

248-249. Stuart Licht; US Patent Application and PCT 
     Nano-Platelets: "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE," 
US Patent Application 18/354,435; filed July 18, 2023; pub. Nov. 16, 2023; 
claims allowed Feb. 20, 2024; PCT/US2020/034945, WO2020243320A1.
    
247.     Stuart Licht; US Patent Application
    "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE," (graphene from CO2)
US Patent Application 16/886,409; filed May 28, 2020, pub Dec. 3, 2020.

246.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 
     "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANO(nano-rod)CARBON ALLOTROPES," 
Nano-rod allotrope.
US Patent Appl 18,614,308; March 22, 2024, pub. Aug. 8, 2024.

245    Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 
    "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
 ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANOCARBON ALLOTROPES," 
Hollow nano-onion allotrope.
US Patent Appl 18,614,639; March 22, 2024. 


244.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Japan Patent JP7507933, granted June 20, 2024.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”.

243.     Stuart Licht; Japan Divisional Patent 7551165, granted Sept. 6, 2024.
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”.

242.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Japan Patent 7603176, granted Dec. 11, 2024.
    "System and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture from carbon 
       dioxide and products thereof," (polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixes from CO2)
Japan application 2023-571172 filed Nov. 10, 2023.

241. Stuart Licht;  Japan Patent Pending
    Carbide Growth: "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND 
METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
Divisional Japan Patent Appl JP20231770979A filed May 7, 2021; pub. Feb 8, 2024.  

236-240. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Japan Patent Applications
1: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
    Japan Patent Application 2024-529565 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 12, 2024.
2: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making coated nanocarbon allotropes," 
Japan Patent Application 2024-529468 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Nov. 15, 2024.
3: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-ferrous additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
Japan Patent Applications2024-529468 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 12, 2024.
4: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making nanocarbon allotropes of nano-dragons and nano-belts," 
Japan Patent Application 2024-529465 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 12, 2024.
5: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making a macro-assembly of nanocarbon," 
Japan Patent Application  2024-529566 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 12, 2024.

224-235. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; 
China, Europe, Korea, Australia, Israel, Canada, Japan, Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, South 
Africa Patent Applications
        "Method and Apparatus for Making Carbon Nanomaterials and Methods 
 Using Lithium-free Electrolyte," 
1: China Patent Application CN202280079107.2A; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; pub Aug. 6, 2024.
2: Europe Patent Application EP22930170.0A; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; pub July 3, 2024.
3: Korea Patent Application KR1020247013880A; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; pub Aug. 1, 2024.
4: Australia Patent Application AU2022452364A; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; May 1, 2024.
5: Israel Patent Application IL311749A; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; pub Aug. 1 , 2024.
6: Canada Patent Application CA3232902A1; submitted Oct. 9, 2022; pub Oct. 12, 2023.
7: India Patent Application 202417041069.0; submitted Nov. 23, 2022.
8: Japan Patent Application 2024-529565; submitted Oct. 9, 2022.
9: Brazil Patent Application BR11 2024 006322 4; submitted Sept. 29, 2022.
10: Indonesia Patent Application P00202403392; submitted Sept. 29, 2022.
11: Mexico Patent Application MX/s/2024/003987; submitted Sept. 29, 2022.
12: South Africa Patent Application 2024/02624; submitted Sept. 29, 2022.
 

223.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Israel Patent 282197, granted Nov. 11, 2024.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”.

222. Stuart Licht; Israel Patent 297713, April 2, 2024.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME".

221.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Israel Divisional Patent Application 314203”, pub. Sept. 1, 2024.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”.

220.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; India Patent 539303, granted May 23, 2024.
    "SYSTEMS & METHODS FOR MAKING (HELICAL) CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES”.

219.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; India Patent 528833, granted March 18, 2024.
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
      ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT". 
    
218.     Stuart Licht; India Patent 521805, granted March 7, 2024.
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS”.

215-217. Stuart Licht; India Divisional Patents Pending
     "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE," 
1: India Patent Application 20218071092; filed Feb. 2 2024.
2: India Patent Application 202318032064; filed Nov 9, 2023.
3: India Patent Application 202117054259; pub. April 15 2022.

214. Stuart Licht; India Patent 502976, January 24, 2024.
CALCIUM METABORATE DRIVEN THIN WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE PREPARED BY CO2 ELECTROLYSIS”.

209-213.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; India Patent Applications
1: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
    India Patent Application 202417041069 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 1, 2024.
2: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making coated nanocarbon allotropes," 
India Patent Application 202417041803 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 1, 2024.
3: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
India Patent Application 202417041804 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 1, 2024.
4: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making nanocarbon allotropes of nano-dragons and nano-belts," 
India Patent Application 202417041067 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 1, 2024.
5: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making a macro-assembly of nanocarbon," 
India Patent Application 202417041064 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 1, 2024.


208.     Stuart Licht; China Patent CN113924269, issued Nov. 29, 2024
     "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE".

207     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; China, Patent 112955586, issued Oct. 29, 2024.
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
      ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT".

206.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; China Patent 114630926, granted Oct. 25, 2024.
    "SYSTEM & METHOD FOR MAKING (HELICAL) CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES”.  

205.     Stuart Licht; China Divisional Patent 114921798, granted May 10, 2024.
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS”.

200-204.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; China Patent Applications
1: "Electrolytic method for preparing required nano carbon allotrope by utilizing carbon dioxide and anode with high nickel content,"     China Patent Application. CN118354974A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. July 16, 2024.
2: "Electrolytic process for preparing coated carbon nanocarbon allotropes using carbon dioxide," 
China Patent Application CN118451043A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Aug. 6, 2024.
3: "Electrolytic process for preparing desired nanocarbon allotropes using carbon dioxide and non-iron additives," 
China Patent Application CN118382596A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. July 23, 2024.
4: "Electrolytic method for preparing nano-dragon and nano-ribbon nano-carbon allotrope by utilizing carbon dioxide," 
China Patent Application CN118451044A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Aug 6, 2024.
5: "Electrolytic method for preparing macroscopic assembly of nano carbon by using carbon dioxide," 
China Patent Application CN118434678A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Aug 2, 2024.
200
827.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent CA 3216992, granted April 16, 2024.
     "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas".

199.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent CA 3052483, granted April 16, 2024.
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF 
DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”, boron free.

198.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent 3175690, granted May 21, 2024.
CALCIUM METABORATE DRIVEN THIN WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE PREPARED BY CO2 ELECTROLYSIS”.

197.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent CA 3198982, granted April 16, 2024.
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS,”
(doped nano-onions).

196.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent CA 3198973, April 16, 2024.
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF (boron doped) DOPED CARBON 
 NANOMATERIALS”.

195.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent Application
     "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
Canada 3216992 filed April. 26, 2022; pub. Nov. 3, 2022.

194. Stuart Licht; 
        South Africa Patent Application.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
S. Africa Patent Application 2022/11752 submitted May, 7, 2021.
    
172-193. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht Europe Patent EP3874077, granted 9/25/2024.
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT”, 
1.    Europe Patent EP3874077, granted 9/25/2024;
2. Austria Patent 3874077AT;  3. Belgium Patent 3874077BE; 
4. Bulgaria Patent 3874077BG; 5. Denmark Patent 3874077DK; 
6. Estonia Patent3874077EE  7. Finland Patent 3874077FI; 8. France Patent 3874077FR; 
9. Germany Patent 3874077DE; 10. Italy Patent 3874077IT; 11.  Latvia Patent 3874077LV; 12. Lithuania Patent  3874077LT; 13. Luxemburg Patent  3874077LU; 
14. Malta Patent 3874077MT; 15. Portugal Patent 3874077PT; 
16.Slovenia Patent  3874077SI; 17.Romania Patent  3874077RO; 
18. Sweden Patent 3874077SE; 19. Switzerland Patent  3874077CH;
20.Netherlands Patent  3874077NL; 
21. United Kingdom  3874077GB;  22. Unitary Patent UP4143366.

171.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2023/9860, granted August 20, 2024
    "Apparatus, system and method for making a carbon nanomaterial fiber and textiles from 
  carbon dioxide and materials and materials and products thereof" filed May 26, 2022.

170.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2023/9615, granted July 4, 2024.
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas".
Nigeria application F/PT/PCT/2023/9615 filed Oct. 26, 2023.

169.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2023/9863, granted November 12, 2024.
    "System and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture from carbon 
      dioxide and products thereof,"

168.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent F/PT/PCT/2023/8400, granted January 7, 2024.
    "Apparatus, system and method for making carbanogel buckypaper from carbon dioxide 
Nigeria patent F/PT/PCT/2023/8400; date of allowance June 7, 2023.

  
146-167. Stuart Licht, Europe Patent EP4143366, granted/validated November 13, 2024.
"SYSTEMS, METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR 
MAKING THIN WALLED  CARBON  NANOMATERIALS”, 
1.    Europe Patent Application EP4143366B1, filed April 28, 2021;
2. Austria Patent 4143366AT;  3. Belgium Patent 4143366BE; 
4. Bulgaria Patent 4143366BG; 5. Denmark Patent 4143366DK; 
6. Estonia Patent 4143366EE  7. Finland Patent 4143366FI; 8. France Patent 4143366FR; 
9. Germany Patent 4143366DE; 10. Italy Patent 4143366IT; 11.  Latvia Patent 4143366LV; 12. Lithuania Patent  4143366LT; 13. Luxemburg Patent  4143366LU; 
14. Malta Patent 4143366MT; 15. Portugal Patent; 4143366PT 
16.Slovenia Patent  4143366SI; 17.Romania Patent  4143366RO; 
18. Sweden Patent  4143366SE;  19. Switzerland Patent  4143366CH;
20.Netherlands Patent  4143366NL; 
21. United Kingdom  4143366GB;  22. Unitary Patent 4143366UP.

141-145. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; European Patent Applications
1: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
      European 4436921, org. appl. 22840422.4 filed Nov. 23, 2022.
2: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making coated nanocarbon allotropes," 
European appl. 22839580.2 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct. 2, 2024.
3: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
European appl. 22835978.2 filed Nov. 23, 2022; Oct. 2, 2024.
4: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making nanocarbon allotropes of nano-dragons and nano-belts," 
European appl. 22839939.0 filed Nov. 23, 2022; Oct. 2, 2024.
5: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making a macro-assembly of nanocarbon," 
European 4436923, org. appl. 22843473.4 filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. Oct 2, 2024.

140. Stuart Licht; Europe Patent Application
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS” 
Europe Patent Application 17871032.3, submitted May 15, 2019; pub. Sept. 25, 2018, 
allowed Feb. 3, 2024.

139.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Europe Patent Application
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
Europe application EP22728323.1A filed April 6, 2023, pub June 3, 2024.

 
138. Stuart Licht,
"Molten carbonate transformation of the greenhouse gas CO2 to graphitic nanomaterials”
ECS Volume MA20233-02, 2023, DOI: DOI 10.1149/MA2023-0291010mtgabs.

137.     S. Licht, 
“Molten Carbonate CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage) transformation of the 
Green House Gas CO2 to graphitic nanomaterials," IEEE Nanotechnology, 2023,. 749-750,   
doi: 10.1109/NMDC57951.2023.10343719.

136.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,834,749, granted Dec. 5, 2023
    "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE (Filtered) SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
         ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT,"

135. Stuart Licht,
"Diamonds from the sky: a revolution in decarbonization technology,” 
 Plenary Paper, The 5th Euro-Mediterranean Conference for Environmental Integration; 
 Rende, Italy, Oct. 3, 2023:

134. Stuart Licht. Gad Licht, US Patent, 11,767,261 granted Sept. 26, 2023.
Metal composites: "USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON 
 FOOTPRINT TO PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION".

133.     Stuart Licht,
"Molten Carbonate CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage) transformation of the Green House Gas CO2 to graphitic nanomaterials,” IEEE Nanomaterials & Devices Conference, Paestrum, Italy; Oct. 25, 2023.

132.     Stuart Licht US Patent, 11,767,260 granted Sept. 26, 2023.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON FOOTPRINT
 TO PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION (nanomaterial dispersion),"

131.     Stuart Licht,
"The Genesis Device®: A Revolution in Large Scale Decarbonization”
 the 74th annual meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 
 Lyon, France; Sept. 7, 2023.

130.     Stuart Licht; US Patent, 11,746,424 granted Sept. 5, 2023.    
          Doped carbon nano-onions from CO2: “METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR 
PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”

128-129. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,821,094; granted Nov. 21, 2023.
Collection chamber: "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN 
CARBONATE ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT,"
US Patent Appl 17/734,210; filed May 2, 2022, pub. as US20220259752A1 Aug. 18, 2022.

127.    Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,738,999, Issued Aug. 29, 2023.    
"SYSTEMS & METHODS FOR MAKING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES (HELICAL)”,  

126. Stuart Licht; US Patent, 11,732,368 granted Aug. 22, 2023.    
"METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS          
 
2023 (p.2 of 8)        PUBLICATIONS & PATENTS since 2023
STUART LICHT

125.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent 11,724,939; granted & pub. Aug. 15, 2023.
“Methods Inventions: "Apparatus, system and method for making 
  carbanogel buckypaper from carbon dioxide and products thereof," 
    
124.     Stuart Licht; US Patent, 11,680,325, granted June 20, 2023.
Carbon nano-onions:  “PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE”.

123.     Stuart Licht; US Patent 11,643,735, Issued & pub. May 9, 2023.    
    "METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS”.

122.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent, 11,633,691; granted April 25, 2023.
     “Systems Invention: "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas". 
    
120-121. Stuart Licht; US Patent, 11,661,659, granted May 30, 2023.
“PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE FROM CO2,” (graphene 
  nano-scaffold); US Patent Appl 17,812,514, filed July 14, 2022, pub. Nov. 17, 2022.

110.     Stuart Licht; US Patent, 11,542,609, Issued Jan. 3, 2023.(boron-free patent)    
    ”METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS,”

119.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Continuation Patent Application 
    “Method Invention: "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
 US Patent Application, 18/288,539, filed Oct. 26, 2023; published June 27, 2024..

118.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Continuance (Systems) Patent Application
    Systems Invention: "Apparatus, system and method for making carbanogel buckypaper 
 from carbon dioxide and products thereof," 
 US Patent Application, 18/207,944, filed June 9, 2023, pub. Oct. 19, 2023.
    
116-117. Stuart Licht; US Patent Application and PCT    
    "METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF ELONGATED CARBON NANOFIBERS”, 
PCT/IS2017/061861, sub. Nov. 15, 2017; published as WO2018093942A1, May. 24, 2018.
US Patent Appl 16/414,503 submitted May 16, 2019, pub. Sept. 5, 2019.    
        
740-741. Stuart Licht; PCT and US Patent Application.
Carbon nano-onions:  “PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE,”
US Pat Appl 17/812,501, pub. 11/24/22; PCT/US2020/034945; WO2020243320A1

114-115. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; PCT & US Patent Application. 
    “Methods Inventions: "Apparatus, system and method for making 
   carbanogel buckypaper from carbon dioxide and products thereof," 
               PCT/US2022/030204; published WO2022246165 Nov. 24, 2022.        
      US Patent Appl 17,749,407; submitted May 20, 2022, pub. US20220371894A1 Nov. 24, 2022.

112-113. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; PCT and US Patent Application
     "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE FOR MAKING 
   COATED NANOCARBON ALLOTROPES," 
     US Pat Appl 17,993,398; sub. Nov 23, 2022; pub. May 25, 2023.
       PCT/US2022/050901; filed Nov 23, 2023; published WO2023096994 June 1, 2023.

111.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application, "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION  OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE” (carbanogel) CO2's nanocarbon product separated, 
US Pat Appl 17,897,169; Aug. 28, 2022; pub. June 8, 2023.
    
110.     Stuart Licht US Continuance Patent Application (Carbide driven growth: application) 
MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
1st Continuation US Patent Appl 17,987,625; Nov. 15, 2022; pub. March 9 , 2023.

109.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application
    "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
     ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT," (tangled carbon matrix separation)
US Patent Application 17,734,341; sub. May 2. 2022, pub. June 29, 2023.

108.     Stuart Licht; US Patent Application.    
Doped carbon nano-onions from CO2: “METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR 
PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”
US Patent Appl, 18/053,267, filed 11-7-2022, published. US20220371954A1 Nov. 24, 2022.

107.     Stuart Licht; US Patent Application    
"METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS          (BORON DOPED)”, US Patent Appl, 18/053,257, pub US20230078544A1 3-16-2023 March 16, 2023.

105-106. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application and PCT 
      "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE FOR MAKING 
      NANOCARBON ALLOTROPES OF NANO-DRAGONS AND NANO-BELTS," 
        PCT/2022/050887; filed Nov. 23, 2023. publ WO2023/096986 June 1, 2023.
  US Patent Appl, 17/993,298, filed Nov 23, 2022; pub. Dec. 28, 2023.

103-104. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application and PCT 
      "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE AND A NON-IRON 
     ADDITIVE FOR MAKING DESIRED NANOCARBON ALLOTROPES," 
US Provisional Patent 62/282,985; Nov 24, 2021. US Provisional Pat 63/300,499; Jan. 28, 2022.
     PCT/US2022/050897; published WO2023096994 June 1, 2023.
US Patent Appl 17,993,365; Nov 23, 2022, pub. May 25, 2023.

101-102. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application and PCT 
     "ELECTROLYSIS METHODS THAT UTILIZE CARBON DIOXIDE FOR MAKING A 
  MACRO-ASSEMBLY OF NANOCARBON," 
       PCT/US2022/050884; filed Nov. 23, 2022; published WO2023096984 June 1, 2023.
US Pat Appl 17,993,299;  submitted Nov 23, 2022;  allowed Aug. 25, 2023.
    
99-100. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application and PCT 
"Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for   making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
       PCT/US2022/050882; filed Nov. 23, 2022, published WO2023096982 June 1, 2023.
     US Patent Application17,993,275; Nov 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023; allowed Nov. 29, 2023.

97-98. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; US Patent Application, PCT & Provisional Patents
      "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
 US Provisional Patent 63,305,544; Feb. 1, 2022; US Prov Pat 63,179,778; April 26 2021.    
    US Provisional Patent 63,318,944; March 11, 2022.            
 US Patent Application 17,729,737; April 26, 2022 published as , Nov. 10. 2022.
 PCT/2022/026365; filed April 26, 2022, published WO2022232155A1 Nov. 3, 2022.

75-96. Stuart Licht, Europe Patent granted, individual country/regions granted/validated
    "METHODS FOR CARBON NANOFIBER PRODUCTION”, 
1.    Europe Patent EP 3 261 988; granted July 27, 2023.
2.    Austria Patent; 3261988AT granted July 26, 2023.
3.    Belgium Patent; 3261988BE granted July 27, 2023.
4.    Bulgaria Patent; 3261988BG granted July 27, 2023.
5.    Denmark Patent; 3261988DK granted July 27, 2023.
6.    Estonia Patent; 3261988EE granted July 27, 2023.
7.    Finland Patent; 3261988FI  granted July 27, 2023.
8.    France Patent 3261988PFR; granted July 27, 2023.
9.    Germany Patent; 3261988DE granted July 27, 2023.
10.    Italy Patent; 3261988IT granted July 27, 2023.
11.    Latvia Patent; 3261988LV granted July 27, 2023.
12.    Lithuania Patent; 3261988LT granted July 27, 2023.
13.    Luxemburg Patent; 3261988LU granted July 27, 2023.
14.    Malta Patent; 3261988MT granted July 27, 2023.
15.    Portugal Patent; 3261988PT granted July 27, 2023.
16.    Slovenia Patent; 3261988SI granted July 27, 2023.
17.    Sweden Patent; 3261988SE granted July 27, 2023.
18.    Switzerland Patent; CH3261988 granted July 27, 2023.
19.    Netherlands Patent; 3261988NL granted July 27, 2023.
20.    United Kingdom; UK3261988 granted July 27, 2023.
21.    Unitary Patent;UP3261988 granted July 27, 2023.
22.    Europe Patent Application 16756506.8; filed 26-Feb-2016; allowed March 22, 2023.
            
74.     Stuart Licht, Europe Divisional Patent Application
    "METHOD SAND SYSTEM FOR CARBON NANOFIBER PRODUCTION”, 
Europe Patent Divisional Application 23174231.3, filed; May 19, 2023.

73.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; European Divisional Patent Application
    "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
        ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT," 
Europe Patent Application 23182500.1 13520.00229-Divisional EPO, 
submitted June 29, 2023, pub. Sept. 6, 2023.

69-72. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; European, Unitary, UK and Switzerland Patent Applications
    "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
      ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT," 
Europe Pat Appl 13520.00228 EP19880020; submitted Oct. 29, 2019; 
Europe Patent 13520.00228-Unitary first allowed June 21, 2023, patented in 17+2 countries:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden.
UK Patent allowed as 13520.00227-UK; allowed June 26, 2023.
Switzerland Patent allowed as 13520.00226-Switzerland; allowed June 26, 2023.

68.     Stuart Licht; China Patent CN110312678B, granted Dec. 29, 2023.
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”.. 
China Patent CN110312678; granted & pub. Dec. 29, 2023.

66-67.     Stuart Licht; China Patent granted CN115605633B, granted Dec. 29, 2023.
“SYSTEMS, METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR MAKING THIN WALLED  
 CARBON  NANOMATERIALS,” 
China Patent Appl  CN202180031250.XA, submitted April 29, 2020, pub. Jan. 13, 2023.

65.     Stuart Licht; China Patent Application
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”, 
China Patent Application CN201880012809.2A, submitted Feb. 21, 2018, pub. Oct. 8, 2019.

64.     Stuart Licht; China Divisional Patents Pending
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
China Patent Application 202411118290.X, submitted May, 7, 2021, pub Dec 10, 2024.

63.     Stuart Licht; China Patent Application
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”, 
Application CN202311654587.3A, submitted Feb. 21, 2018, pub. Aug. 3, 2024.

60-62. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, China Divisional Patents Pending (2)
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”, submitted Oct. 29, 2019
1: China Divisional 1 Pat Appl 202310214918.5, sub. June 13, 2023.
2: China Divisional 2 Pat Appl 202310189089.X, sub. June 13, 2023.
3: China Divisional 3 Pat Appl 202410044333.8, sub. 2024, pub May 24, 2024.

57-59. Stuart Licht; China Patent Appl, and 1 China Divisional Pending
     "METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCING NANOFIBERS”, 
1: China Patent Appl  CN107849706A, filing date Feb. 26, 2016,abandoned in favor of  
        2: China Divisional Pat Appl 20231158.7, filing date Nov. 24, 2023, 
3. China Patent Application 2023114979.7 pub as CN 117926272 A April 12, 2024.

56.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, China Patent Pending
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”, submitted Oct. 29, 2019
China Pat Appl 201980070806.9, filed Oct. 29, 2019, pub. June 13, 2023.

52-55. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Brazil, India, Japan, China Patent Applications
    "Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas," 
1: Brazil application F11 2023 022310 5 filed Oct. 25, 2023.
2: India application 202317073576.00 filed Oct. 28, 2023.
3: Japan application 2023-565175 Oct. 23, 2023.
4: China application 202280036479.7 filed PPH instructions Oct. 20, 2023.


51.    Stuart Licht;  Japan Patent 73686340, issued & pub. Oct. 24, 2023.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME"

49-50. Stuart Licht; granted Japan Patent 7377378 B2, granted Nov. 9, 2023.
CALCIUM METABORATE DRIVEN THIN WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE PREPARED BY CO2 ELECTROLYSIS,” 
Japan Pat Appl JP2022563448A, submitted April 28, 2021, pub. May 23, 2023;

47-48. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Japan Patent 7356500 B2, granted Oct. 4, 2023.
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”, submitted Oct. 29, 2019
Japan Pat Appl 2021-518604A, submitted Oct. 29, 2019;

46.     Stuart Licht; Japan Patent Application.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
Japan Patent Application JP2022566623A; filed July 7, 2021, pub. May 12, 2023.

42-45. Stuart Licht, Japan and India granted Patent
    "METHOD AND SYSTEMS FOR CARBON NANOFIBER PRODUCTION”, 
Japan Patent Appl JP2017545590A pub. May 31, 2018; 
Japan Patent 7085838; granted and pub. June 9, 2022.
India Patent Appl 201717033754; 22-Sep-2017; pub. Aug. 12, 2017.
  Indian Patent 427468 granted March 29, 2023.    
    
40-41. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Patents Pending:  Japan (2 Divisionals)
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”, submitted Oct. 29, 2019
1: Japan Divisional Pat Appl 2023-095474, filed June 9, 2023, pub. Sept. 20, 2023.
2: Japan Divisional Pat Appl 2023-095475, filed June 9, 2023, pub. Sept. 12, 2023.

39.       Stuart Licht; India Patent 449086; granted Sept. 21, 2023
    "PROCESS FOR THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE.”

37-38.     Stuart Licht; India Patent, 379655, applied Oct. 21, 2021, issued Aug. 3, 2023.    
      "METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”
      India Patent Application 201917033354, pub April, 10, 2019.

35-36. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, India Patent 439365, granted July 19, 2023.
"CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
TO  PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”,
India Patent Appl 202147019000, pub April 30, 2021.

33-34. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; India Patent Application
     "SUSTAINABLE, FACILE SEPARATION OF THE MOLTEN CARBONATE 
            ELECTROLYSIS CATHODE PRODUCT," 
1: India Pat Appl 202418019953; submitted April 14, 2021, pub. Nov. 1, 2024.
2: India Pat Appl 202418020234; submitted April 14, 2021, pub. Nov. 1, 2024.


31-32. Stuart Licht; Israel Patent 297713, April 2, 2024
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
Israel Patent App 297113; submitted May, 7, 2021; pub Sec 1/2022, allowed Dec. 3, 2023.

30.     Stuart Licht; Israel Patent Application.
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
Patent Application 309041; divisional filed Dec. 3, 2023, pub Feb. 1, 2024..

28-29. Stuart Licht;  Korea Patent Granted
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
Korea Patent Appl KR1020227041499A filed May 7, 2021, pub. Jan. 5, 2023.  
Korea Patent KR1025332961 issued. May 12, 2023, pub. May 16, 2023.

27.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Nigeria Patent NG/PT/C/2021/5369, issued June 1, 2023
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW CARBON
TO  PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION” filed Oct. 29, 2019.

22-26. Stuart Licht; Australia, Nigeria, Korea granted Patents 
“SYSTEM, METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR MAKING THIN WALLED CARBON   
 NANOMATERIALS,” 
1: Australia Pat Appl AU2021265253A filed April. 28,2021, pub. Dec. 1, 2022; 
2: Australia Patent, 2021265253, granted March 30, 2023.
3: Nigeria Patent; NG/PT/PCT/2022/6571, file April 28, 2021, granted Nov, 17, 2022.
4. Korea Pat Application KR1020227040998 filed April. 28,2021, pub. Jan. 5, 2023; 
5.  Korea Patent KR102533497 granted May 12, 2023
    
19-21. Stuart Licht Australia and Nigeria granted Patents
    "MAGNETIC CARBON NANOTUBES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME," 
1.    Australia Patent Appl AU2021267936A submitted May 7, 2021, pub. Dec. 15, 2022.
2.    Australia Patent AU 2021267936 issued on April 20, 2023.
3.  Nigeria Patent NG/PT/PCT/2022/6563; filed May 7, 2021, Nov, 9, 2023.

18.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Nigeria Patent Application
 "Apparatus, system and method for making carbanogel buckypaper from carbon dioxide 
Nigeria patent F/PT/PCT/2023/8400; filing May 7, 2021, publ. May 7, 2023.

17.     Stuart Licht; WPO Patent Application.    
    “METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”
PCT/US2018/019035, filed 2-21-2018, published 8-30-2018 WO2018156642A1.

16.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht, Russia Patent 2,788,184 granted & pub. Jan. 17, 2023
"USE OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS PRODUCED WITH LOW 
CARBON FOOTPRINT TO PRODUCE COMPOSITES WITH LOW CO2 EMISSION”, 

15.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent 3156243, granted July 4, 2023.
    "SYSTEMS & METHODS FOR MAKING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES (HELICAL)”.
    
14.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent Application
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”
 (boron doped), Canada Patent Application 3,198,973; sub May 5, 2023; pub Aug. 30, 2018.

13.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent Application, 
"METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”
(nano-onion),  Canada Patent Application 3,198,982; submitted May 5, 2023; pub Aug. 30,2018,  
allowed Dec. 21, 2023.

12.     Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Application
"SYSTEMS & METHODS FOR MAKING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES (HELICAL)”,  
Canada Application 3,156,243; file Oct. 29, 2020; pub May 6, 2021.

11.     Stuart Licht; Canada Patent Application CA305283A
Boron free: "METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF 
DOPED CARBON NANOMATERIALS”, 
Canada Patent Application CA305283A Feb. 21, 2018; pub Aug, 30, 2018.

6-10. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada Patent Applications
1: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a high nickel-content anode for  making desired nanocarbon allotropes,"  
    Canada Patent Application. CA3237238A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.
2: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making coated nanocarbon allotropes," 
Canada Patent Application CA3237281A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.
3: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes," 
Canada Patent Application CA3237276A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.
4: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making nanocarbon allotropes of nano-dragons and nano-belts," 
Canada Patent Application CA3237252A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.
5: "Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide for making a macro-assembly of nanocarbon," 
Canada Patent Application  CA3237248A filed Nov. 23, 2022; pub. June 1, 2023.

1-5. Stuart Licht, Gad Licht; Canada, India, Japan and Europe Patent Applications
    "System and method for making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixture from carbon 
       dioxide and products thereof," (polymer-carbon nanomaterial admixes from CO2)
1: Canada application 3220199 filed Nov. 10, 2023.
2: India application 202317081777, filed Nov. 10, 2023.
3: Japan application 2023-571172 filed Nov. 10, 2023.
4: China application 202280037612.00 filed Nov. 10, 2023; publ. Feb. 2, 2024.
5: Europe application EP22754190.1, filed Nov. 10, 2023; EP4347925, publ. April 10, 2024.

 

 

BA, MA Wesleyan University, 1976, 1981

PhD, The Weizmann Institute of Science , 1986

Postdoc, MIT, 1987